Most file systems include attributes of files and directories that control the ability of users to read, change, navigate, and execute the contents of the file system. In some cases, menu options or functions may be made … See more

Symbolic notation
Unix permissions are represented either in symbolic notation or in octal notation.
The most common form, as used by the command ls -l, is symbolic notation.
The first character of the ls display indicates the See more

• chattr or chflags: change attributes or flags including those which restrict access.
• chmod: change mode (permissions) on Unix-like file systems See more

The original File Allocation Table file system has a per-file all-user read-only attribute.
NTFS See more

Permissions on Unix-like file systems are defined in the POSIX.1-2017 standard, which uses three scopes or classes known as owner, group, and others. When a file is created its … See more

Some systems diverge from the traditional POSIX model of users and groups by creating a new group – a "user private group" – for each user. Assuming that each user is the only member of its user private group, this scheme allows an umask of 002 to be … See more

• The Linux Cookbook: Groups and How to Work in Them by Michael Stutz 2004 See more