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- Learn more:✕This summary was generated using AI based on multiple online sources. To view the original source information, use the "Learn more" links.confounded; confounding; confounds transitive verb 1 : to throw (a person) into confusion or perplexitywww.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/confoundtr.v. con·found·ed, con·found·ing, con·founds 1. To cause to become confused or perplexed. See Synonyms at perplex. 2. To fail to distinguish; mix up: Don't confound fiction and fact.www.thefreedictionary.com/confoundingcon·found·ing (kon-fownd'ing), 1. A situation in which the effects of two or more processes are not separated; the distortion of the apparent effect of an exposure on risk, brought about by the association with other factors that can influence the outcome.medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/confoundingThe term confounding is used in everyday language and typically refers to something that is mixed up or causing confusion. In Lean and Six Sigma we often perform experiments and measure variables to understand the relationship between cause and effect. A confounding variable is a variable that relates to both the experiment’s ...www.isixsigma.com/dictionary/confounding/What is Confounding? Confounding is a distortion (inaccuracy) in the estimated measure of association that occurs when the primary exposure of interest is mixed up with some other factor that is associated with the outcome. In the diagram below, the primary goal is to ascertain the strength of association between physical ...sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/BS/BS70…
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- verbconfounding (present participle)
- cause surprise or confusion in (someone), especially by acting against their expectations:"the inflation figure confounded economic analysts"Similar:set someone thinkingtake by surprisetake abackstop someone in their tracksstrike dumbleave open-mouthedleave aghastcatch off balancecause to be at a stand
- prove (a theory, expectation, or prediction) wrong:"the rise in prices confounded expectations"Similar:drive a coach and horses throughprove wrongprove false
- defeat (a plan, aim, or hope):"we will confound these tactics by the pressure groups"
- archaicoverthrow (an enemy):"God chose to use natural disorders to confound Pharaoh and the gods of Egypt"
OriginMiddle English: from Old French confondre, from Latin confundere ‘pour together, mix up’. Compare with confuse. - See moreSee all on Wikipedia
In causal inference, a confounder (also confounding variable, confounding factor, extraneous determinant or lurking variable) is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, causing a spurious association. Confounding is a causal concept, and as such, cannot be … See more
Let's assume that a trucking company owns a fleet of trucks made by two different manufacturers. Trucks made by one manufacturer are called "A Trucks" and trucks made by the other manufacturer are … See more
Consider a researcher attempting to assess the effectiveness of drug X, from population data in which drug usage was a patient's choice. The … See more
In the case of risk assessments evaluating the magnitude and nature of risk to human health, it is important to control for confounding to … See more
Say one is studying the relation between birth order (1st child, 2nd child, etc.) and the presence of Down Syndrome in the child. In this … See more
Confounding is defined in terms of the data generating model. Let X be some independent variable, and Y some dependent variable. … See more
According to Morabia (2011), the word confounding derives from the Medieval Latin verb "confundere", which meant "mixing", and was probably chosen to represent the … See more
A reduction in the potential for the occurrence and effect of confounding factors can be obtained by increasing the types and numbers … See more
Wikipedia text under CC-BY-SA license WEBSep 15, 2020 · A confounding variable is a factor that influences both the independent and dependent variables and leads to a false correlation between them. Learn how to identify, reduce, and distinguish …
WEBOct 1, 2018 · Confounding is the distortion of the association between two variables by a third variable. Learn how to identify and control confounding in study design and analysis with this beginner's guide.
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