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  2. Shopping centers in general may have their origins in public markets and, in the Middle East, covered bazaars. In 1798, the first covered shopping passage was built in Paris, the Passage du Caire. The Burlington Arcade in London was opened in 1819.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall
    The first shopping mall was the Country Club Plaza, founded by the J.C. Nichols Company and opened near Kansas City, Mo., in 1922. The first enclosed mall called South-dale opened in Edina, Minnesota (near Minneapolis) in 1956. In the 1980s, giant megamalls were developed.
    www.yourarticlelibrary.com/mall-management/histo…
    Northland Mall was the first modern shopping mall, opening in the United States in 1954. Shops increased in size significantly during the 20th century, with warehouse stores occupying vast areas and selling a large variety of goods. Online shopping was popularised in the 21st century, competing with traditional physical stores.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_retail
     
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    Shopping mall - Wikipedia

    A shopping mall (or simply mall) is a large indoor shopping center, usually anchored by department stores. The term mall originally meant a pedestrian promenade with shops along it, but in the late 1960s, it began to be used as a generic term for the large enclosed shopping centers that were becoming … See more

    In the United States, Persian Gulf countries, and India, the term shopping mall is usually applied to enclosed retail structures (and is generally abbreviated to simply mall), while shopping center usually refers to open-air … See more

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    Forerunners to the shopping mall
    Shopping centers in general may have their origins in public markets and, in the Middle East, covered See more

    Food court
    A common feature of shopping malls is a food court: this typically consists of a number of See more

    Shopping property management firms
    A shopping property management firm is a company that specializes in owning and managing shopping malls. Most shopping property … See more

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    The International Council of Shopping Centers, based in New York City, classifies two types of shopping centers as malls: regional malls and superregional malls. A regional mall, per the International Council of Shopping Centers, is a shopping mall with … See more

    Vertical malls
    High land prices in populous cities have led to the concept of the "vertical mall", in which space … See more

    Europe
    There are a reported 222 malls in Europe. In 2014, these malls had combined sales of US$12.47 billion. This represented a 10% bump in … See more

     
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  5. The history of the mall, from its origins in the 50s to the dead …

  6. The rise and fall of the American shopping mall

    WEBJan 6, 2023 · By the 1980s, the mall had become the center of American social life and accounted for the bulk of all retail sales. But a shrinking middle class, the rise of online shopping, and the fact that...

  7. The First Shopping Mall in America - ThoughtCo

    WEBMar 31, 2018 · The Southdale Center in Edina, Minnesota became the first enclosed mall to open in 1956 and several more innovations have come about since to make shopping easier and more efficient for both store …

  8. The Death And Rebirth of the American Mall | Smithsonian

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  10. Evolution Of The Shopping Mall: Past, Present, And …

    WEBNov 10, 2022 · History of Shopping Malls. The shopping mall concept was first introduced to the world by Victor Gruen when he launched South Dale Center, an 800,000-square feet fully-enclosed shopping complex in …

  11. The Rise and Fall of the Mall | The Nation

    WEBDec 12, 2022 · The shopping mall has a great many antecedents: the opulent markets of Victorian London, the arcades of Paris, and the department stores in the United States that could swallow an entire...

  12. Shopping Malls | Encyclopedia.com

  13. Chronicling the History of the American Shopping Mall …

    WEBNov 1, 2022 · Chronicling the Rise and Fall of the American Shopping Mall. In her new book, architecture critic Alexandra Lange explores the history of this quintessential symbol of the American dream. For many …

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  20. The fascinating history of shopping and its influence on how we …

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