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  2. Bratva is a term used to refer to organized crime groups in Russia and other former Soviet Union countries. The term “bratva” means “brotherhood,” and is used to describe the close-knit relationships between members of these groups. Bratva groups are known for their hierarchical structure, with a leader at the top, followed by subordinates.
    thecontentauthority.com/blog/mafia-vs-bratva

    A University of Oxford study conducted by Frederico Varese, a professor of criminology and expert in organized crime, assessed that the group is composed of at least ten brigade-style sub-groups that operate with relative autonomy, but still answer to a head council. 3 The same study says that the revenue generated by Solntsevskaya Bratva is overseen by that same 12-person council, which often disguises its meetings as festive...

    www.phc.edu/intelligencer/the-evolution-of-mafia-st…
    The principle behind this structure is to minimize contact with other cells that could lead to the identification of the entire organization. Each boss, called a " pakhan," controls four criminal cells through an intermediary called a "brigadier."
    irp.fas.org/world/para/docs/rusorg3.htm
     
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    The Russian mafia , otherwise referred to as Bratva (братва́ bratvá [brɐtˈva], lit. 'brotherhood'), is a collective of various organized crime related elements originating in the former Soviet Union (FSU). Any of the mafia's groups may be referred to as an "Organized Criminal Group" (OPG). This is … See more

    Origins
    Today's Russian organized crime can be traced back to the Russian Empire, in the form of banditry and thievery, but it was not until after the … See more

    In the Russian mafia, "Vor" (plural: Vory) (literally, "Thief") is an honorary title analogous to a made man in the Sicilian and Italian … See more

    Groups based in and around the City of Moscow:
    • The Orekhovskaya gang: Founded by Sergei "Sylvester" … See more

    1720s
    Russian criminality can be traced back to Russia's imperial period, which began in the 1720s in the form of banditry and thievery.
    1917
    The Thieves' World was alive and active during the Bolshevik Revolution.
    1945
    After World War II in 1945, more gangs emerged in a flourishing black market that exploited the unstable governments of the FSU.
    1953
    The death of Joseph Stalin in 1953.
    1980s
    Mikhail Gorbachev loosened restrictions on private businesses, allowing them to grow legally.
    1991
    The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
    1992
    Vyacheslav 'Yaponchik' Ivankov would be sent to Brighton Beach in 1992, allegedly because he was killing too many people in Russia and also to take control of Russian organized crime in North America.
    1993
    Gangster summit meetings had taken place in hotels and restaurants shortly before the Soviet's dissolution, so that top vory v zakone could agree on who would rule what, and set plans on how to take over the post-communist states.
    1995
    The Camorra cooperated with the Russian mafia in a scheme in which the Camorra would bleach out US$1 bills and reprint them as $100s.
    1997
    Ludwig 'Tarzan' Fainberg was arrested in January 1997, primarily because of arms dealing.

    Zakhariy Kalashov (born 1953): Currently widely believed to be one of the most prominent members of the Russian mafia.
    Vyacheslav Ivankov (1940–2009): Believed to have … See more

    • Galeotti, Mark. 2018. The Vory. Yale University Press.
    • Mironova, Vera (2023). Criminals, Nazis, and Islamists: … See more

     
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