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- Intelligence and espionage are related but distinct concepts123:
- Intelligence refers to information gathered by a government or institution to guide decisions and actions.
- Espionage involves the clandestine collection of intelligence through illegal or unethical means.
Learn more:✕This summary was generated using AI based on multiple online sources. To view the original source information, use the "Learn more" links.“Intelligence” is information gathered by a government or other institution to guide decisions and actions; “espionage” is the collection of intelligence through clandestine means.www.oxfordreference.com/abstract/10.1093/acref/9…Walton: Espionage traditionally refers to human spies and spying. Intelligence is much broader. It can mean human intelligence, but it also can mean technical intelligence operations, like signals intelligence, or code-breaking, or imagery intelligence.news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2019/02/harvard-e…Intelligence is information gathering. Espionage is illegal. When you break the law to obtain information (secrets). Or grey area illegal involving lying, cheating, stealing, misrepresenting. Unethical or Immoral behaviour that risks lawsuits and making enemies is espionage or borderline espionage.strategicscience.org/the-difference-between-intellig… - People also ask
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