John Locke considered the mechanism that had allowed monarchies to become the primary form of government. He concluded that monarchs had asserted the right to rule and enforc… See more

In 1764, he published Dei Delitti e Delle Pene (On Crimes and Punishments) arguing for … See more

In this context, the most relevant idea was known as the "felicitation principle" of utilitarianism, i.e. that whatever is done should aim to give the greatest happiness to the large… See more

Spiritualistic understandings of crime stem from an understanding of life in general that finds most things in life are destined and cannot be controlled: we are born either male or fe… See more

The Neo-classical school (criminology) of the 19th century contributed modifications to pure Classical thought, lead by French thinkers such as Henri Joly and René Garraud. It … See more