Van der Waals forces include attraction and repulsions between atoms, molecules, as well as other intermolecular forces. They differ from covalent and ionic bonding in that they are caused by correlations in the fluctuating See more

For macroscopic bodies with known volumes and numbers of atoms or molecules per unit volume, the total van der Waalsforce is often computed based on the "microscopic … See more

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• Senese, Fred (1999). "What are van der Waals forces?". Frostburg State University. Retrieved 1 March 2010. An introductory … See more

London dispersion forces, named after the German-American physicist Fritz London, are weak intermolecular forces that arise from the interactive forces between instantaneous multipoles in molecules without permanent multipole moments. In and between … See more

The ability of geckos – which can hang on a glass surface using only one toe – to climb on sheer surfaces has been for many years mainly attributed to the van der Waalsforces … See more

• Brevik, Iver; Marachevsky, V. N.; Milton, Kimball A. (1999). "Identity of the van der Waals Force and the Casimir Effect and the Irrelevance of These Phenomena to Sonoluminescence". … See more