The quantity called "free energy" is a more advanced and accurate replacement for the outdated term affinity, which was used by chemists in the earlier years of physical chemistry t… See more

The Gibbs free energy is defined as which is the same as where: 1. U is the internal energy (SI … See more

The Gibbs free energy total differential with respect to natural variables may be derived by Legendre transforms of the internal energy. 1. d U = T d S − p d V + ∑ i μ i d N i . {\displayst… See more

The system under consideration is held at constant temperature and pressure, and is closed (no matter can come in or out). The Gibbs energy of any system is G = U + p V − T S {\disp… See more