The First World War was fought not only on the battlefields and in the ammunition factories, it was also the scene of a large-scale secret war in which the various belligerent… See more

Permanent national secret services made their appearances during the second half of the 19thcentury, favoured by a scientifically oriented century during which western societies tri… See more

The gathering of military intelligence was first operated on the battlefield. However, the war fought from 1914, quickly altered practices, by its magnitude, its duration and, soon, … See more

The First World War can be seen as the first “Sigint” (signals intelligence) great war, a domain of intelligence which has since taken the first role in the field of intelligence. However, a… See more

A state’s neutrality did not result in dismissing the spies from its territory. On the contrary, one could say, it often attracted intelligence and … See more