This view of the Church as a patron of sciences is contested by some, who speak either of a historically varied relationship which has shifted, from active and even singular support to bitter clashes (with accusations of … See more

Differing analyses of the Catholic relationship to science may arise from definitional variance. While secular philosophers … See more

The Scientific Revolution began in 1543 with Nicholas Copernicus and his heliocentric theory and is defined as the beginning of a dramatic shift in thought and belief towards … See more

Paul IV
For being a Protestant, Conrad Gessner's work, Historiae animalium, was put on the Index of Prohibited … See more

Scientific fields with important foundational contributions from Catholic scientists include: physics (Galileo) despite his trial and conviction in … See more

Early Middle Ages
After the Fall of Rome, while an increasingly Hellenized Roman Empire and Christian religion endured as the Byzantine Empire See more

The Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order) was founded by the Spaniard Saint Ignatius Loyola in 1540. Jesuits were leaders of the Counter-Reformation, who have contributed a great many distinguished scientists and institutions of learning, right up to the present. … See more