The value of a social behavior depends in part on the social behavior of an animal's neighbors. For example, the more likely a rival male is to back … See more

Parental care is the investment a parent puts into their offspring—which includes protecting and feeding the young, preparing burrows or … See more

Animals cooperate with each other to increase their own fitness. These altruistic, and sometimes spiteful behaviors can be explained by Hamilton's rule, which states that rB-C > 0 where … See more

Mate choice by resources
In many sexually reproducing species, such as mammals, birds, and amphibians, females are able to … See more

Sexual conflict, in some form or another, may very well be inherent in the ways most animals reproduce. Females invest more in offspring prior to mating, due to the differences in gametes in species that exhibit anisogamy, and often invest more in offspring after … See more

Various types of mating systems include monogamy, polygyny, polyandry, and promiscuity. Each is differentiated by the sexual behavior … See more

Many insect species of the order Hymenoptera (bees, ants, wasps) are eusocial. Within the nests or hives of social insects, … See more